A native of what is now Suning, Hebei province, Liu Chunlin, styled as Runqin, was the last Zhuangyuan (first place holder) of the Civil Service Examination System. From 1905 to 1907, he studied abroad at Tokyo Hosei University, and returned to China in 1908 to serve as an advisor on governmental councils and as a supervisor at schools. As a calligrapher, Liu was known for his formal script in small characters.