China had a significant influence over the development of Japanese celestial cartography, which is clearly illustrated in ancient examples such as the map of the heavens on the ceiling of the late 7th or early 8th-century Takamatsuzuka tomb in Nara prefecture, which displays Chinese influences in its design. Much later, in the early Edo period (1600-1868), Chinese books containing celestial maps such as Shilin guang ji [Records of many things, circa 1250] and Wang Qi's Sancai tuhui [Illustrated compendium of the three powers heaven, earth, and man], (completed 1607, printed 1609) were brought to Japan and subsequently-published Japanese books on astronomy were based on works such as these. Also during this period European astronomy was introduced for the first time through Dutch and other books, and which eventually overtook as the dominating influence over Japanese astronomy.1
This rare book, Tensho kanki sho, contains a circular map fixed to a page by a thread at the centre, allowing it to rotate. The blue is the Milky Way, the stars black or white circles, the ecliptic yellow and the equator red. When closed, the map is covered by a circular window representing the horizon.
For a fully illustrated example in the collections of Waseda University go to http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kotenseki/html/ni05/ni05_02553/index.html
1. Kazuhiko Miyajima, Japanese Celestial Cartography before the Meiji Period, Chapter 14 in J. B. Harley and David Woodward (eds.), The History of Cartography, Volume 2, Book 2, (Chicago, 1995), p. 579-603.