This picture, dated by Magrini (loc. cit.) to the 1740s, is thought to have belonged to a series of small canvases depicting scenes from the life of Saint Jerome. Other paintings likely to be part of this set are now in the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest (The Virgin appearing to Saint Jerome, inv. no. 666); the Louvre, Paris (The Virgin appearing to Saint Jerome, acc. no. MI 883); and private collections in London and Milan. The series was probably commissioned by a confraternity dedicated to the saint. Here, Jerome is depicted as an anchorite, interrupted in his study by a vision of the Virgin borne aloft by angels. Just behind him is the lion that is the saint’s traditional attribute.

Fontebasso was part of the rococo movement taking shape in Venice in the early eighteenth century, having trained under Sebastiano Ricci (1659-1734). He can also be seen to have absorbed the influence of Giambattista Tiepolo (1696-1770), particularly in his lighter and more pastel palette. Fontebasso, who also practiced as an engraver, carried out commissions for prestigious patrons such as the Barbarigo family (Palazzo Duodo and Palazzo Barbarigo, Venice).